NATURAL RESOURCES
Fauna
PN San Guillermo (San Guillermo National Park) concentrated attention because the “vicuña” survival was in danger. There it cohabits with the “guanaco”, another wild “camelido”, using different habitats to reduce the competition: whereas the “vicuña” frequents plains, the “guanaco” prefers “faldeos rocosos”. Until the creation of the protected area, both species were chased, specially the “vicuña”, because of its delicate and soft hair.
With the creation of San Guillermo Provincial Reserve, which one part belongs to the National Park, the “vicuña” population grows a lot: nowadays there 7.000 “vicuñas”, and 5.000 “guanacos”. It is the biggest concentration of wild “camelidos” of Argentina.
Both “camelidos” are herbivores and adapted to the difficulties of high desserts. They have small cushions that reduce the erosion of their legs while they walk an their teeth let them cut pasture without uproots it making possible its growth. Other components of San Guillermo's fauna are “suri”, “condor andino”, puma and “zorro colorado”. There are exclusive species of the area, like two types of small lizard: “chelco” and other called “cola de piche”.
Flora
The vegetation is composed by many species that are adapted to live in very dry and high conditions. There are scarce rains (30 to 100 mm a year). During some winters snowed and there strong winds, with 100 km/h gusts. So that, the most common plants are “achaparrados” bushes arrange in plates adosaded to the land and dispersed between the refuges that form the rocks, little herbs with enormous flowers, typical of the Andes. One of the endemics species is a kind of daisy, known with the scientific name of Huarpea andina .
|